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William James Guy Carr (R.D.〔() Awards to the Royal Canadian Navy, Reserve Officer's decoration, "CARR, William James Guy, LCdr, RD: 15/03/45a"〕 Commander R.C.N. (R)) (June 2, 1895 - October 2, 1959) was an English-born Canadian naval officer and an author. Though his accounts of wartime naval experiences found a general audience, he is best remembered today as a conspiracy theorist, "the most influential source in creating the American ''Illuminati'' demonology", according to the American folklorist Bill Ellis.〔Bill Ellis, ''Raising the Devil: Satanism, New Religions, and the Media''. University Press of Kentucky, 2000, p. 128〕 Carr was also the author of famous books on the English submarine war as well as a popular lecturer. In the 1950s, he was the leader of the anti-Communist National Federation of Christian Laymen of Toronto. He was also one of the presidents of the Naval Club of Toronto.〔() See the site of The Naval Club of Toronto, "History of the club"〕 == Biography == Born in Formby (Lancashire, England),〔W. Stewart Wallace (ed), ''The Macmillan Dictionary of Canadian Biography'', Toronto-London, Macmillan, revised ed. 1963, p. 116.〕 Carr was educated in Scotland, and went to sea at the age of fourteen.〔W. Stewart Wallace (ed), ''The Macmillan Dictionary of Canadian Biography'', ''op. cit.'', p. 116.〕 He served as navigating officer of Her Majesty's Ship Submarines during World War I. In World War II he was naval control officer for the St. Lawrence, then staff officer operations at Shelburne, Nova Scotia, then senior naval officer at Goose Bay, Labrador. As an officer on the staff of Commodore Reginald W. Brock he organized the 7th Victory Loan for the twenty-two Royal Canadian Naval Training Divisions.〔These biographical details are provided by the Editor's preface of William Guy Carr, ''Pawns in the Game'', Omni/Christian Book Club 1993 and ''Satan, prince of this World'', Palmdale, CA, Omni Publications, 1997〕 His experiences in the submarine fleet in World War I became the subject of ''By Guess and By God'' (1930), prefaced by his superior, Admiral S.S. Hall of the Submarine Service. Going through several printings, it was followed by sequels, including ''Hell's Angels of the Deep'' (1932). In 1931, he started giving conferences in different Canadian clubs on the topic of "International conspiracy" which was subdivided in two main subjects: "International communism" and "International capitalism", both controlled by the Illuminati and what he called the "International bankers" which, according to Carr, are represented mainly by the Rothschild and the Rockefeller families.〔 Pierre-André Taguieff, ''La Foire aux illuminés : Ésotérisme, théorie du complot, extrémisme'' ("The Illuminati fair: Esotericism, Plot Theory, Extremism"), Paris, Mille et une nuits, 2005, p. 431〕 After working for the Canadian Intelligence Service during World War II he wrote ''Checkmate in the North'' (1944), a book where he wrote that an invasion of the Axis forces was supposed to take place in the area of the CFB Goose Bay. During 1944 and 1945 he gave other conferences on world conspiracies. In the 1950s, after he retired from the Navy, Carr's writings turned essentially to conspiracy themes from a firmly Christian standpoint. With his ''Pawns in the Game'' (1955) and ''Red Fog over America'' (1955) he became one of the most famous post-war conspiracy theorists (500,000 copies of ''Pawns in the Game'' were sold before his death).〔 Pierre-André Taguieff, ''op. cit''., p. 25〕 According to the Political Research Associates: Carr promoted the anti-Semitic variant on conspiracism with books such as ''Pawns in the Game'' and ''Red Fog over America''. Carr believes that an age-old Jewish ''Illuminati'' banking conspiracy used radio-transmitted mind control on behalf of Lucifer to construct a one world government. The secret nexus of the plot was supposedly the international Bilderberger meetings on banking policy. The anti-Semitic Noontide Press distributed ''Pawns in the Game'' for many years.〔() "Dances with Devils: Satan, the Devil, and the Antichrist, Freemasons Jews and the Forged Protocols Variations on Conspiracist Themes", The Website of the Political Associates, same opinion in Pierre-André Taguieff, ''op. cit.''〕 Carr's works were notably influenced by the writings of Nesta Webster and the well known French hoaxer Léo Taxil (see Taxil hoax). He also refers to the theories of l'abbé Augustin Barruel and John Robison who explained the French Revolution as a Freemasonic plot linked to the German Illuminati of Adam Weishaupt (frequently associated to the conspiracy theory of the New World Order).〔() "William Guy Carr repeats the lies", ''Pawns in the Game'' reviewed by the Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and () History of Conspiracy Theory 101〕 One of Carr's books published after his death, ''The Conspiracy to Destroy All Existing Governments and Religions'' clearly refers to Robison's main work: ''Proofs of a Conspiracy Against All the Religions and Governments of Europe Carried on in the Secret Meetings of Freemasons, Illuminati and Reading Societies'' (1798). According to the French philosopher and historian Pierre-André Taguieff, the works of Carr (especially ''Pawns in the Game''), "largely contributed to popularise the themes of anti-Masonic conspiracism in the United States and in Canada; first, it reached the Christian fundamentalist milieu (mainly concerned with his "Luciferian" conspiracies), then the whole far-right movement and the new generations of conspiracy theorists".〔Pierre-André Tagieff, ''op. cit.'', p. 71. Personal translation, User:Eristik〕 Even Dan Brown - although he probably had his information from a different source - includes in his novel ''Angels & Demons'' an interpretation of the Illuminati through an American one dollar bill that repeats the main arguments of Carr in ''Pawns in the Game''.〔 Pierre-André Tagieff, ''op. cit.'', p. 71〕 The first editions of Carr's book were mainly published by the Federation of Christian Laymen. Carr was actually the president of the Federation of Christian Laymen (Toronto). He directed the monthly anti-Masonic newsletter of the association: ''News Behind the News'' (Willowdale, Toronto, Vol. 1, # 1, 1956-) where he published numerous articles discussing the power of the Illuminati in U.S. and world affairs.〔William Guy Carr (dir.), ''News Behind The News'', Vol. 1, #8, June–July 1957, p. 6.〕 In that paper, Carr defends the politics of the Wisconsin anti-Communist Senator Joseph McCarthy. The political ideas of this Christian association were close to those of John Horne Blackmore the first leader of the Social Credit Party of Canada〔() See "John Horn Blackmore fonds", on the Genbow Museum site〕 and Ron Gostick, another important member of the same party. Carr's Federation was closely linked with the Californian Council of Christian Laymen (1949–1964), especially with Alfred Kohlberg, Edward Geary Lansdale and Stan Steiner.〔() see Online archive of California〕 The council also distributed Carr's ''News Behind the News'' ; its president was Verne Paul Kaub who was also known for being an anti-communist and a conspiracy theory author. During the 1950s, both organisations fought communism and were involved in a campaign against water fluoridation (brochure, 1956; articles about this topic were also published in ''News Behind the News'' in 1958).〔() Online archive of California, documents on the Anti-Fluoridation Campaign; also studied in Daniel Pipes's, ''Conspiracy'', 1997 (bibliography)〕 The historian Daniel Pipes studied this particular case and he mentions that "in the 1950s, the National Federation of Christian Laymen portrayed fluorine as the 'devil's poison and considered its addition to drinking water (to prevent tooth decay) "one of the most dastardly plots ever attempted against the human race".〔Daniel Pipes, ''Conspiracy'', 1997 (he refers to Carr's brochure ''The Devil's poison'', 1956) quoted from ()〕 Carr died in Ontario. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Guy Carr」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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